WHAT ARE THE MAIN CAUSE OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Although the cause of rheumatoid arthritis has not been determined after many years of research, it is generally believed that the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis is related to infection, genetics, and endocrine abnormalities.



   1.   GENETIC FACTORS

The disease seems to have a genetic predisposition. The results of the family tree survey indicate that the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis in the family of rheumatoid arthritis patients is 2 to 10 times higher than that of healthy people; the single-oval twins of patients with rheumatoid arthritis are also easy. Rheumatoid arthritis, which is a sign of the genetic factors of the disease.Although there are different CAUSE of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
 In particular, studies on human tissue-compatible antigen complex in gene products (hla-dr, dq, dp) have found that many diseases, including the infection of rheumatoid arthritis, seem to be determined by these immune response genes. Jarallahkf first reported the specificity of rheumatoid arthritis and hla-dr4. Later, a large number of investigations and studies have consistently concluded that the susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis is closely related to hla-dr4. A total of six subtypes of dr4 were found by molecular biology methods: dw4, dw10, dw13, dw14, dw15, and dwkt2. Among them, dw4 and dw14, dw15 and dwkt2 are related to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Studies have shown that 70% of patients with HLA-dw4 positive patients have a susceptibility to this site. Wu Shoushan et al. clarified that rheumatoid arthritis does not belong to single gene dominant or recessive inheritance, and its genetic pattern is consistent with polygenic inheritance, and the heritability of this disease is 63.2%.

Difference Between Osteoarthritis And Rheumatoid Arthritis




2.   INFECTION FACTORS


 A variety of infectious agents are associated with the onset of rheumatoid arthritis. Infections, including bacteria, mycoplasma, viruses, protozoa, etc., cause a continuous immune response in the body as a persistent antigen.
1. Viral infection: The relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and viruses, especially Epstein-barr virus, is one of the problems that scholars at home and abroad pay attention to. Studies have shown that arthritis caused by eb virus infection is different from rheumatoid arthritis, and patients with rheumatoid arthritis have strong reactivity with EB virus than normal people. Alepangh was first reported in 1978. The serum of patients with rheumatoid arthritis contains anti-eb virus ebn a (eb virus nuclear antigen)-1 antibody, and it is speculated that eb virus may play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease. Since then, the titer of the ig virus of eb virus ebna, vca (shell antigen) and ea (early antigen) in serum and synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis has been determined, suggesting the average titer and positive rate of eb-vca-igg antibody. Both were higher than the control group and positively correlated with the concentration of igg in serum and synovial fluid; in the comparison of anti-eb virus igg/vca and igg/ea antibodies in serum of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and normal humans, high titer The positive rate of antibody was significantly different. It was also observed that the EBV-vca-igg antibody in the rheumatoid factor-positive group was significantly higher than that in the rheumatoid factor-negative group. It is speculated that after the b-cell is activated by EBV, it not only produces igg. It also produces autoantibody rheumatoid factor with high affinity for its own igg. Antigen and antibody binding form a large number of immune complexes, suggesting that EB virus infection may be related to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.Treatment and prevention of degenerative arthritis


2. bacterial infection: According to statistics, 50% ~ 80% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis began to occur 2 to 4 weeks after repeated streptococcal infection. Experimental studies have shown that a group of streptococcus and peptidoglycan may be a persistent stimulator of rheumatoid arthritis, a group of streptococci has long-lasting in vivo to form a continuous antigen, stimulate the body to produce antibodies, occur Immune pathological damage and disease. The arthritis animal model produced by Mycoplasma is similar to human rheumatoid arthritis but does not produce rheumatoid factor specific to human rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, the more common bacterial infections are Clostridium perfringens, diphtheria-like bacilli.  However, hemolytic streptococcus or bacterial antigens have not been cultured from the serum and synovium of patients, suggesting that bacteria may be involved in the onset of rheumatoid arthritis, but there is no direct evidence.Some time the causes of rheumatoid arthritis are unknown.


3.  ENDOCRINE ABNORMALITIES

 1. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis are often accompanied by hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, and thyroid secretion is reduced.

 2. The level of adrenocortical hormone in rheumatoid arthritis is reduced, and the peak secretion time is significantly delayed. The patient's requirement for 17-hydroxycorticosterone is multiplied. Normal human cortisol secretion is from 7:00-8:00 in the morning and rheumatoid arthritis is postponed after 8:00-12:00, which is one of the causes of morning stiffness, which can be significantly relieved with prednisone. Various arthritis symptoms.

 3, studies show that the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis than men and women of 1: 2 to 4, menopause and peaked during pregnancy mild disease, serving contraception women to reduce the incidence of the drug. Animal models show that lew/n females have high sensitivity to arthritis and low male incidence. After male rats are treated with castration or treated with β-estradiol, arthritis occurs in the same way as female mice, indicating that sex hormones are in rheumatoid arthritis. It plays a role in the pathogenesis of arthritis.

 In addition, patients with rheumatoid arthritis are also affected by cold, dampness, fatigue, malnutrition, trauma, and mental factors. Medical Education Network Xiaobian hopes that everyone can understand the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis by reading this article, and fundamentally eliminate it.

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